A
Alfalfa
The first documented use of alfalfa by the Chinese dates back to
the 6th century, when Chinese healers used it for kidney stones
and normal water retention.
First discovered by the Arabs, who dubbed this valuable plant the
"father of all foods", the leaves of the alfalfa
plant are rich in minerals including calcium, magnesium, potassium,
and carotene to support the heart and normal cellular division.
English herbalist John Gerard recommended alfalfa for upset stomachs.
Noted biologist and author Frank Bouer discovered that the leaves
of this remarkable legume contain eight essential amino acids. Alfalfa
is suggested to be a good cleanser and a natural diuretic. This
versatile herb is also a folk remedy for joint stress, and is reputed
to be an excellent appetite stimulant and overall tonic. Unfortunately,
most westerners regard alfalfa as cattle fodder and therefore rarely
take advantage of the beneficial properties of this common plant.
Benefits of alfalfa include:
· Excellent source of nutritive
properties
· Minerals
· Chlorophyll
· Vitamins
· Thyroid support
· Blood purifier
· A host of phytonutrients
Alfalfa is useful in the support of urinary tract health including
kidney, bladder and prostate and detoxifies the body, especially
the liver. Alfalfa has estrogenic properties and therefore helps
support the female cycle.
Alfalfa is also known as: Medicago sativa
Arnica
Arnica extract is an excellent topical solution for muscles sprains,
strains, stiffness, bruising, swelling and local tenderness. The
herb can be used externally as an ointment or internally as a homeopathic
remedy. Arnica also has a long history of popular usage among Native
Americans as a major healing plant.
Clinical research has also shown the effectiveness of arnica. In
1991, a British study on hospital patients with acute injuries showed
that arnica relieved stiffness in 98% of the patients tested. Arnica
may have many preventive benefits as well.
Marathoners sometimes use the arnica extract before they race to
improve their performance and to minimize the pain that can result
from muscle sprains or strains, stiffness, or swelling.
Do not take arnica internally unless it is in the proper dilution.
There are a few people who may be sensitive to the compound helenalin
that is in arnica. If you develop a mild rash, then you probably
are one of those people and should stop using arnica immediately.
Arnica is also known as: Arnica montana, mountain daisy, leopard's
bane, wolf's bane, and Mountain tobacco.
Astragalus
Astragalus is a traditional Chinese herb derived from the root
of the perennial Astragalus membranaceus. In China astragalus has
enjoyed a long history of use in traditional medicine to strengthen
the Wei Ch'i or "defensive energy" or, in western terms,
the immune system. Regarded as a potent tonic for increasing energy
levels and stimulating the immune system, astragalus has also been
employed effectively as a diuretic, a vasodilator and as a treatment
for respiratory infections.
Benefits of astragalus:
· Can be used as an antibacterial
· Used with the ginsengs
· Helpful for young adults for
energy production and respiratory endurance
· Generates warming energy
· Helpful in the treatment of hypoglycemia
and used for "outer energy" as ginseng is used for "inner
energy"
· Used to bolster the white blood
cell count
· Strengthens the body's resistance
· Used to reduce debilitating conditions
· Helps to promote the effects
of other herbs and helps to improve digestion
Astragalus is of the most popular herbs used in the Orient; the
Chinese name for astragalus is Huang Ch'i. This is a tonic producing
warm energy and specifically tonifying for the lungs, spleen, and
triple warmer via meridians.
In studies performed at the National Cancer Institute and 5 other
leading American Cancer Institutes over the past 10 years, it has
been positively shown that astragalus strengthens a patient's immune
system. On the basis of cell studies researchers believed that astragalus
augments the white blood cells that fight disease and removes some
of those which make the body more vulnerable to it. There is clinical
evidence that cancer patients given astragalus during chemotherapy
and radiation, both of which reduce the body's natural immunity
while attacking the cancer, recover significantly faster and live
longer. It is evident that astragalus does not directly attack cancers
themselves, but instead strengthens the body's immune system. In
these same studies, both in the laboratory and with 572 patients,
it also has been found that astragalus promotes adrenal cortical
function, which also is critically diminished in cancer patients.
Scientists have isolated a number of active ingredients contained
in astragalus, including bioflavanoids, choline, and a polysaccharide
called astragalan B. Animal studies have shown that astragalan B
is effective at stimulating the immune system and protecting the
body against a number of toxins.
Astragalus is well known for strengthening the immune system. Historical
uses include oriental tonic and promoter of health, supports natural
defenses and supports peripheral circulation.
Astragalan B seems to work by binding to cholesterol on the outer
membranes of viruses, destabilizing their defenses and allowing
the body's immune system to attack the weakened invader. Astragalus
shows support for peripheral vascular diseases and peripheral circulation.
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B
Balloon Flower
Balloon Flower is used in traditional Chinese formulas for its
expectorant qualities to dilate the bronchi. It reportedly increases
bronchial secretions.
A very beautiful plant with star-shaped, blue-violet flowers, has
an edible root used in Korean cuisine.
Balloon Flower is also known as: Jie Geng, Platycodon grandiflorum,
Campanulaceae
Barley Grass
Barley grass is one of the green grasses and is the only vegetation
on earth that can supply sole nutritional support from birth to
old age. Barley has served as a food staple in most cultures. The
use of barley for food and medicinal purposes dates to antiquity,
with agronomists placing this ancient cereal grass as being cultivated
as early as 7000 BC. Roman gladiators ate barley for strength and
stamina. In the West, it was first known for the barley grain it
produces.
Barley grass contains eighteen amino acids, including the eight
essential ones. Since the body cannot produce them we must get these
essential amino acids from our diet. Amino acids are the building
blocks of proteins, which are the major constituents of every cell
and body fluid (except urine and bile) and are thus necessary for
the continual cell building, cell regeneration, and energy production
that we need to live.
Barley grass also contains a wide spectrum of vitamins and minerals.
Many people believe that the leaves of the cereal grasses provide
the nearest thing this planet offers to the perfect food. Barley
grass also contains chlorophyll, which has been studied for its
potential as a deodorant, in stimulating tissue growth, and in stimulating
red blood cells in connection with blood supply. Plus, chlorophyll
may form complexes with toxins while they are still in the digestive
tract, limiting their negative effect on the body.
Barley grass also contains a wide spectrum of vitamins and minerals.
Among the vitamins are beta-carotene and five B vitamins, including
vitamin B12 and folic acid. Barley grass also contains antioxidant
vitamin C and vitamin E and minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium,
and phosphorus. Lab analysis on barley grass has turned up many
trace minerals.
Barley grass also known as: Hordeum vulgare, barley grass
Bilberry
Like other flavonoids, bilberry is believed to protect cells and
membranes from damage caused by free radicals, highly reactive molecules
which are formed during the metabolic process. When free radicals
encounter healthy cell membranes, they can cause damage, impairing
cell function and leading to premature death of cells.
Bilberry flavonoids are unique in that they support both your blood
vessels and blood cells by maintaining the flexibility of the cell
membranes. This makes capillaries better able to stretch, thus increasing
blood flow, and red blood cells are more able to change this shape
allowing easier passage through narrow capillaries.
Bilberry is also used to support circulation, varicose veins and
eye sight. The herb bilberry contains both flavonoids and anthocyanin,
which serve to prevent capillary fragility, thin the blood, and
stimulate the release of vasodilators. The natural antioxidant anthocyanin
in bilberry also supports normal blood pressure, clotting and improves
blood supply to the nervous system. Bilberry also contains glucoquinine
which has been shown to support normal blood sugar level.
Bilberry is also used in herbal mixtures used for joint health.
Bilberry is also known as: Vaccinium myrtillus
Black cohosh
Black cohosh has been used in traditional herbal practices to relieve
gynecological complaints ranging from PMS to menopause.
Black cohosh contains estrogen-like compounds that show effectiveness
in relieving some of the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
and menopausal complaints. These estrogen-like compounds have a
similar effect to the female hormone estrogen, which controls the
menstrual cycle and declines after menopause.
Studies carried out in Europe with animals and humans suggest that
constituents in black cohosh suppress luteinizing hormone secretions,
which is associated with reduced menopausal hot flashes.
Black cohosh is a valuable herb that has a powerful action as a
relaxant. It is known as a nervine due to its influence over the
nervous system. Black cohosh is safe and fairly effective in the
treatment of nervousness associated with menopause and is helpful
for premenstrual discomfort and painful periods.
Recent studies have focused primarily on the relief of menopausal
symptoms, such as hot flashes and depression. There is also evidence
that black cohosh is beneficial for mood swings and vaginal dryness
associated with menopause.
Due to the estrogen-like effect, check with your health care practitioner
before taking Black cohosh during pregnancy or lactation.
Botanical name: Cimicifuga racemosa
Black cohosh is also known as black snakeroot, bugbane, rattleroot,
rattleweed and bugwort.
Borage Seed
Symmetry Products with Borage Seed: Advanced Omega, NutraPack,
Ultra Vitality
With our fat phobia and the resultant barrage of low-fat and non-fat
food products lining the grocery store aisles, a recommendation
to supplement your daily diet with one to two tablespoons of essential
fatty acids, rich flax or borage seed oil would appear to go against
what you are being told. To the contrary, this is exactly what health
conscious consumers are doing across the country, not only to attain
and maintain optimal health, but in many instances, as a treatment
for the over-60 health ailments the essential fatty acids have been
scientifically validated to benefit.
While it is true that Americans should not consume more than 20-30%
of daily calories as fats, a lack of the dietary essential fatty
acids has been suggested to facilitate degenerative disease. Surveys
indicate that at least 80% of our population is deficient in essential
fatty acids, which may present a serious health threat. Unfortunately,
mass commercial refinement of fats and oils products and foods containing
them has effectively eliminated the essential fatty acids from our
food chain, contributing to our modern day deficiency.
Nature's most potent concentration of GLA comes in the form of
borage seed oil (24%). A great deal of scientific research has been
conducted with supplements rich in GLA, resulting in significant
interest regarding the aforementioned health ailments, as well as
those affected by pre-menstrual syndrome, benign breast disease,
eczema, psoriasis, obesity, and vascular disorders.
The essential fatty acids combined here have proven to impart a
regulatory function on the body's fatty acid metabolism. Fat metabolism
is as important, if not more critical, than our body's metabolism
of proteins and carbohydrates as evidenced by the drastic rise in
fat related degenerative diseases, such as vascular disease and
strokes. Dietary essential fatty acids common to borage seed oil
are ultimately converted to hormone-like substances known as prostaglandins,
and are important for the regulation of a host of bodily functions
including inflammation, swelling, & pain; pressure in the eye,
joints or blood vessels; secretions from mucus membranes and their
viscosity; smooth muscle and autonomic reflexes; gastrointestinal;
arterial; ear; heart; water retention; blood clotting ability; allergic
response; rheumatoid arthritis; nerve transmission; steroid production
and hormone synthesis.
Scientists continue to discover regulating effects of prostaglandins.
Without the essential fatty acids, the building blocks of prostaglandins,
a malfunction of fat metabolism is certain, as are problems in the
regulation of the bodily functions listed above.
For some individuals, flax seed oil may offer only half of the
solution. Those deficient in co-factor nutrients, specifically the
vitamins pro-A, A, C, E, B2, B6, pantothenic acid, B12, biotin,
and the minerals calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, and zinc,
sometimes have difficulty in converting the omega-6 fatty acid,
linoleic acid, found in borage and other seed oils to the healthful
prostaglandins.
Still others are thought to lack the necessary enzyme (catalyst)
to make this conversion, particularly the aged or those afflicted
with diabetes, asthma, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, alcoholism.
For those suffering from co-factor deficiencies, a broad spectrum
multi-vitamin and mineral may be recommended with, perhaps, an oil
supplement rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). Individuals who may
lack the proper enzyme system would require a GLA supplement in
addition to the flax seed oil. Nature's most potent concentration
of GLA comes in the form of borage seed oil (24%).
When considering an essential fatty acid supplement and deciding
on either flax or borage seed oils, the most sensible solution may
be a formulation of the two. The combination of both flax and borage
seed oil yields a true Omega-Twin by providing nature's best of
the omega-3 fatty acids in flax with the best of omega-6 fatty acids
in GLA rich borage oil.
Supplementation with flax seed & borage seed oils makes good
sense for the following reasons:
· Omega-3 fatty acids and GLA work
together on the production of beneficial prostaglandins
· Over 60 health problems have
proven to benefit from both flax seed and borage seed supplements.
· Flax seed oil and borage seed
oil work together for even better results.
· A combination of flax seed and
borage seed oils is less expensive than these oils purchased separately.
The answer appears not to be 'no fat', but the right fat, as common
to flax and borage seed oils, in achieving optimal health.
Past and present scientific research supports the use of essential
fatty acid nutrients in promoting optimal health. Borage seed oil
is recognized as nature's richest source of GLA. These natural plant
substances used alone have created a great deal of interest in the
treatment of numerous health problems. Evidence suggests the combination
of omega-3 fatty acids with gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) may further
complement the therapeutic result of either fatty acid used singularly.
Other Borage Seed Information:
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania have reported that
high doses of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) were highly effective in
treating rheumatoid arthritis. An earlier study by the same group
showed that administration of 1,100 mg. of GLA per day from borage
seed oil reduced synovitis in six of seven patients with rheumatoid
arthritis. GLA is rapidly converted to dihomogamma-linolenic acid,
the immediate precursor of prostaglandin E1 which is a potent anti-inflammatory
agent. Nature's most potent concentration (24%) of GLA comes in
the form of borage seed oil.
Other benefits of Borage Seed GLA include:
· Vasodilation of blood vessels,
which can reduce high blood pressure.
· Reduction of abnormal blood clotting,
which can reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke
· Enhanced regulation of immune
response, specifically, a reduction in autoimmune dysfunction, the
underlying cause of rheumatoid arthritis
· Elimination of common skin disorders
such as eczema
· Slowing of some aspects of normal
aging.
Boswellia
The herb Boswellia is now being used to support normal joint structure
and function because of its apparent natural anti-inflammatory properties.
Boswellia has been shown to be as effective and, in many cases,
better than drugs like Phenylbutazone and other anti-inflammatory
drugs. Also Boswellia has NO common side effects.
Boswellia is also known as: Boswellia serrata , Indian Frankincense,
Boswellin.
For more info on Boswellia see: "Boswellin, the Anti-inflammatory
Phytonutrient," New Natural Healing Encyclopedia, Nutriscience
Publishers, Piscataway, NJ, 1996
Broccoli Sprouts
There is a great deal of epidemiological evidence (from large surveys
of the health and eating habits of people from a broad cross-section
of the population) that suggests diets rich in fruits and vegetables
are associated with reduced risk of certain types of cancer. In
particular, the cruciferous vegetables including broccoli, cabbage,
cauliflower, kale and Brussels sprouts are often recommended for
their health benefits. There are a number of explanations for the
benefits these vegetables provide, including the fact that they
are low in fat and calories and are a good source of vitamins, minerals
and fiber. They also are known to contain a number of phytochemicals,
some of which induce the activity of specific enzymes that help
protect the body against xenobiotics (chemical compounds –
such as drugs, pesticides, toxins or carcinogens – that are
foreign to the human body).
Some phytochemicals can significantly accelerate the activity of
the enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, which in turn helps
the body eliminate the xenobiotic. The evidence strongly suggests
that enhancing the activity of these detoxification enzymes provides
health benefits.
The group of phytochemicals in cruciferous vegetables are known
as isothiocyanates, and a one particularly one for its health benefits
is sulforaphane. Sulforaphane has been isolated from broccoli and
appears to be the primary inducer of the xenobiotic metabolizing
enzymes.
After the seed sprouts there is no further synthesis of sulforaphane
in the growing broccoli plant. Therefore as the plant grows, the
amount of sulforaphane decreases. Broccoli sprouts have been found
to contain 10-100 times higher levels of sulforaphane then mature
broccoli. Broccoli still has great nutritional value, but broccoli
sprouts may offer a benefit not found in the mature vegetable.
Burdock
Burdock, a carrot-like root from the plant Arctium lappa (its Latin
name), is a biennial herb grown in China, Europe and the United
States. Employed as a popular folk medicine around the world, burdock
is also consumed as a vegetable in Japan, where it is called gobo.
Burdock seeds are crushed to make a popular tincture used to purify
the blood and as a traditional liver tonic. In India and Russia
the burdock root is a popular remedy, and in China burdock is believed
to be an effective aphrodisiac, believed useful in treating impotence
and sterility.
The volatile oils of the burdock seed are said to be an effective
diaphoretic, used to induce sweating as an aid in neutralizing and
eliminating toxins from the body. This activity is widely utilized
by herbal practitioners in the treatment of liver problems, gallstones,
flu, and to support the kidneys in filtering acids from the blood
stream, despite the lack of clinical studies supporting the effect.
Studies of burdock show that it is high in minerals, being a good
source of iron. Data also indicates that the burdock root is a good
source of the carbohydrate insulin which can account for 45% of
the plant mass. Burdock is also a good source of essential oils
and other compounds that exhibit bacteriostatic and anitfungal activity.
Burdock is an effective diuretic and is considered a very safe
herb and food product, though there have been cases where the purity
of the burdock root has raised some concern.
Natural healers revere the burdock herb as nature's best "blood
purifier", that is, they believe that it rids the body of dangerous
toxins. Ancient herbalists used burdock to treat snake bites. Nicholas
Culpeper, the famous 17th Century herbalist, wrote that it "helpeth
those that are bit by a mad dog." Today, many herbalists still
recommend the burdock herb for its diuretic action; it increases
the flow of urine and promotes sweating. Used externally, burdock
is considered a major natural treatment for skin problems such as
eczema, psoriasis, and even canker sores. Burdock is also soothing
for hemorrhoids.
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C
Calendula
Calendula is modest in its medicinal exploits, but is definitely
worth getting to know because it is one of the most versatile of
herbs. Calendula is a hardy annual with showy orange or yellow daisy-like
flowers, easily grown from seeds scattered in the garden in spring.
Often, if some flowers are allowed to set seed, it will come back
to offer up a splash of color year after year. The calendula flowers
contain a variety of compounds which are believed to support wound
healing. Calendula is thought to be anti-inflammatory, constricting
blood vessels to stop bleeding. It may also be anti-bacterial. Calendula
was used during the American Civil War to draw out infection.
Topical uses of calendula include abrasions, acne and burns.
Herbalists believe calendula is very versatile, speeding the healing
of wounds, making the skin more supple by increasing blood supply
to it, and soothing pain when used topically.
Calendula has also been traditionally used to support a healthy
digestive process. Lutein, an antioxidant in marigold extract, is
known to support the health of the eyes.
Calendula is also known as: Pot Marigold, Calendula officinalis
Chamomile
Back in the days when women came down with a mysterious malady
called "the vapors," a cup of chamomile tea was often
prescribed to relieve female anxiety. Known for its apparent calming
effect on smooth muscle tissue, chamomile is still a popular remedy
for nervous stomach, PMS support, and other common problems often
related to stress. Since 1600, Europeans have used chamomile as
a cure for insomnia, neuralgia, back pain, and rheumatism. They
were not the first to discover this herb; the ancient Egyptians
included chamomile in their arsenal of herbal cures.
Used externally, it is thought to be good for skin inflammations
and hemorrhoids. It is used as a liniment for bruises, hemorrhoids,
inflammations and sores. Used as a mouthwash, it can relieve the
pain of toothache. Chamomile is also put in shampoos to enhance
golden highlights of blond hair. A cup of chamomile tea is the perfect
nightcap!
Caution: Chamomile is a member of the daisy family,
and anyone who is allergic to other members of the daisy family,
including ragweed, should not use the chamomile herb. If you are
unsure, consult your doctor or allergist.
Part Used: Flowers
Common Uses: Stomach ache, antiseptic, antispasmodic and tonic;
anxiety, insomnia; eyewash; diaphoretic and carminative, gentle
for children
Dr. James Duke, U.S. Department of Agriculture, in his Handbook
of Medicinal Herbs lists a variety of applications for the chamomile
flower. Internally, it works to relieve and prevent spasms and relieve
abdominal gas. It also has diuretic, expectorant, sedative, stimulant
and tonic properties. It is also a botanical that can dispel worms.
Dr. Dukes adds that the hot aqueous extract of the whole plant is
said to cure digestive tract tumors.
Much of scientific understanding of chamomile healing effects has
come from West German studies. A noted West German mataoligist treated
several dozen patients suffering from stasis dermatitis, a skin
condition characterized by erythema (a redness of the skin caused
by congestion of the capillaries) and scaling of the legs. The patients
applied a chamomile cream and experienced a "rapid improvement
along with a regression of the inflammation ...within just 2 days."
At an international chamomile research conference in Frankfurt,
scientists reported significant relief from burns, diaper rash,
and serious leg ulcers using chamomile. For burns or diaper rash,
use cool chamomile tea or add chamomile flowers to bath water. Chamomile
is also useful for soothing babies with upset stomach or colic and
for helping them to sleep.
The active components of chamomile include alpha bisabobol, chamozulene,
polyines, and flavonoids. No single factor has been shown to possess
all the major healing properties of whole chamomile. The consensus
is that each major constituent is effective for specific conditions,
and plays a supportive role in others.
A special commission appointed by the Federal German Health Office
has stated that chamomile flowers contain a complex of active principles
that when used together "combat inflammation, stimulate the
regeneration of cell tissue, and promote the healing of refractory
wounds and skin ulcers."
Chamomile may cause allergies in susceptible people because it
is a flowering plant. However if you can open a box without suffering
allergic symptoms, you will probably be fine.
Also known as: German Chamomile, Roman Chamomile, Matricaria
Chamomilla, Matricaria Recutita, Chamaemelum Nobile
Cloves - Ding Xiang
Cloves are the most stimulating and carminative of all aromatics;
given in powder, infusion, or tonic for nausea, emesis, flatulence,
languid indigestion and dyspepsia, and used chiefly to assist the
action of other herbs. The medicinal properties of cloves reside
in the volatile oil. This oil must be kept in dark bottles in a
cool place. If distilled with water, salt must be added to raise
the temperature of ebullition and the same cloves must be distilled
over and over again to get their full essence.
Two constituents of clove oil - Caryophyllene and Eugenol.
Cloves (Eugenia aromaticus) are actually the dried buds of the
clove tree. Used in China for more than 2000 years, cloves are believed
to be an aphrodisiac. We do know that clove oil is a time-honored
remedy for toothache, and that clove oil is highly antiseptic. The
cloves are also used to stop vomiting.
"The clove herb keeps food fresh because the main active component
of cloves is eugenol, which has long been known to help kill bacteria
and viruses," says Gary Elmer, Ph.D., associate professor of
medicinal chemistry at the University of Washington School of Pharmacy
in Seattle. By killing bacteria, eugenol helps keep meat fresh and
prevents stomach upset, diarrhea, and wound infections.
Healing uses for Cloves:
Mouth Care: Clove oil is suggested for toothaches,
and can help freshen breath. You may have tasted the sweet-hot flavor
of clove oil in over-the-counter toothache medicines. Try a drop
of this healing oil (available at drugstores and health-food stores)
to ease an aching tooth until you can see a dentist.
Relieve indigestion: The herb's usefulness in
supporting normal digestive system function has yet to be confirmed
in humans, but laboratory studies indicate that it may be effective.
Control diarrhea: An ingredient in clove fights
the bacteria responsible for diarrhea, the ailment you experience
from drinking water in regions where health standards are substandard.
Heals cuts and bites: Studies show that the oil
in cloves can help kill several strains of staphylococcus bacteria
and one strain of pseudomonas, organisms that can cause skin infections.
Cloves are also known as: Ding Xiang, clove, Eugenia caryophyllata
Cordyceps fungus
In Chinese medicine cordyceps fungus is described as a very effective
herb to support circulation, respiration, immunity, sexual drive
and a host of other activities. It was also classified as a general
health tonic because of the perceived capability of cordyceps to
improve energy, stamina, appetite, endurance, and sleeping patterns.
In traditional Chinese medicine cordyceps is used for the kidney
and lung meridians.
Cordyceps fungus has the ability to increase the ATP (adenosine
tri-phosphate) production in human cell's mitochondria, thus increasing
the energy levels in the user. It is especially good for those involved
in athletics or vigorous sports.
Compounds found in cordyceps are classified as HDP "Host Defense
Potentiators". These compounds include: hemicellulose, polysaccharides,
polysaccharide-peptides, nucleosides, triterpeniods, complex starches,
and other metabolites. Combinations of these compounds are now believed
to target the human immune system as well as aid in neuron transmission,
metabolism, hormonal balance and nutrient and oxygen transport.
They support the development of lymphoid stem cells and other important
body defense responses.
Chinese athletes who used cordyceps in their athletic training
program surprised everyone (including sports authorities) when they
broke the 10,000 meter world track record in 1993.
Cordyceps can only be found in isolated places in southwestern
China and, because of the harsh environment and very small production
amounts, wild cordyceps is usually very expensive, up to $1,000
for 100 grams.
Cordyceps fungus is also known as: Cordyceps sinensis, Caterpillar
Fungus, Dong Chong, Xia Cao Tochukas, and Deer Fungus.
Curcumin/Tumeric
Curcumin or (turmeric) has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for
centuries for the treatment of inflammation and has also been shown
to work as a very effective antioxidant.
Doctors are now using curcumin "turmeric" for inflammatory
processes such as joint stress, acute infections, for health conditions
caused by free radical damage, and for cardiovascular, arterial
and circulatory support.
Many studies have shown the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory powers
of curcuminoids in the herb turmeric. In a double-blind test, people
with rheumatoid arthritis who received curcumin extract benefited
greatly without side effects. In another study, 10 people who received
500 mg of curcumin extract every day for a week had a measurable
lowering of free radicals. Still other medical studies have shown
that curcumin, with its curcuminoids, can help maintain normal cell
growth.
Uses of Curcumin:
· Joint concerns
· Maintenance of normal cholesterol
and a healthy heart
· Digestive support
· Liver protection
· Obesity
Turmeric is a spice liberally included in Indian curries. Large
doses are not recommended for people with gall stones or stone liver
disorders.
Curcumin is also known as: Turmeric, Curcuma longa, Indian saffron,
Saffron, Curcuminoids
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D
Dandelion
Dandelion can be used to support the health of the liver,
kidneys and gall bladder. It is also used as a general tonic with
anti-inflammatory properties.
Dandelion is considered to be a natural diuretic and
digestive aid. Its high mineral content may help prevent iron nutritional
status. This herb also supports normal blood pressure, probably
due to its diuretic action. Dandelion is rich in potassium, which
works with sodium to regulate the body's water balance and normal
heart rhythms. The dandelion herb is believed to enhance liver and
gallbladder function and has traditionally been used by herbal healers
to treat liver disorders. Dandelion is rich in lecithin, a substance
researchers believe may protect the liver.
Dandelion is also taken as a liver cleansing tonic to
treat chronic toxic conditions in the body. Dandelion is a folk
remedy for warts and liver spots.
Dandelion is also known as: Taraxacum offinale,
Doonhead clock, Witch gowan, Blowball, and Lion's tooth.
Dong Quai
- Angelica sinensis
Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis, Dang Gui, Tang-kuei) grows
profusely throughout Asia. Called the "female ginseng",
dong quai is an all-purpose herb for a wide range of female gynecological
complaints. For centuries, Chinese women have used this herb to
regulate the menstrual cycle and quell painful menstrual cramps
caused by uterine contractions. Modern herbalists use dong quai
to eliminate the discomfort of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and to
help women resume normal menstruation after going off birth control
pills. Dong quai is also reputed to be useful against hot flashes
and other concerns of menopause caused by hormonal changes. Rich
in vitamins and minerals including A, B12, and E, this herb may
also help to control anemia. Dong quai has also been used to combat
insomnia and high blood pressure for both sexes. Both men and women
use this herb as a blood tonic. One of the most widely used herbs
in the Orient, Dong Quai Duck is a popular Cantonese dish.
The Journal of Natural Products (45:398, 1982) reports that Dong
Quai, Angelica sinensis has been used as an antispasmodic, a blood
purifier, and to help hypertension, rheumatism, ulcers, anemia,
and constipation.
Dong Quai also contains compounds that act to stimulate the central
nervous system, supporting its use as a mild energizer.
Researchers have identified several coumarin derivatives that are
known to act as antispasmodics and vasodilators. Dong quai, Angelica
sinensis' key ingredients include Ligustilide, butylene phthalide
and butyl phthalide found in the aromatic oil. Ferulic acid and
various polysaccharides are found in the non-aromatic fractions.
Research suggests that both ferulic acid and ligustilide are useful
for preventing spasms, relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood
clotting in peripheral vessels.
Caution: Do not use Dong Quai-Dang Gui
during pregnancy.
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E
Echinacea
Native Americans are owed a debt of gratitude for
introducing the rest of the world to the wonders of the purple cone-flower
plant. Indians of the Great Plains first used this herb as a remedy
for snakebites and other skin wounds. They also applied the root
of this plant directly to the mouth for toothaches and sore throats.
Word of echinacea's healing properties traveled back to Europe,
where it has become one of the most sought after herbs and one of
the better researched.
There is renewed interest in echinacea today in the United States
because of the herb's demonstrated positive effect on the immune
system. Many studies have shown that echinacea inhibits the enzyme
called hyaluronidase, which in turn helps maintain a natural barrier
between healthy tissue and unwanted pathogenic organisms. Thus echinacea
helps the body maintain its line of defense against unwanted invaders
and acids in tissue regeneration. Echinacea's antimicrobial activities
are widely demonstrated. In 1972, a study appeared in the Journal
of the Medical Chemistry showing that an echinacea extract inhibited
tumor growth in rats. Echinacea was shown to increase white blood
cell counts..
Several European studies show that echinacea appears to lessen
the severity of colds and flu, and helps speed recovery. Echinacea
has also been used successfully to control candida, an annoying
and persistent fungal infection. In fact, patients who used an antifungal
cream and echinacea extract were less likely to suffer a recurrence
than those treated solely with the antifungal cream. Other studies
show that topical echinacea has been used successfully to control
psoriasis and eczema.
Many of the active compounds in echinacea can be destroyed during
processing. Freeze-drying is the most effective way to preserve
this herb's healing properties.
Echinacea has a number of constituents with immune supporting properties,
and they appear to work synergistically.
Elder Flower
Elder flowers are a mild astringent and are used in skin washes;
they are believed to refine the complexion and help relieve eczema,
acne and psoriasis. Elder has a long history of use dating back
to the 5th century BC. Hippocrates wrote about elder, and Egyptians
discovered that applying elder flowers improved the complexion and
healed burns. Elder flower water makes a soothing gargle and, when
strained, makes an excellent eye wash.
The leaves and flowers are a common ingredient in ointments and
poultices used for burns and scalds, swelling, cuts and scrapes.
Infusions and preparations with the blossoms combined with other
herbs have also been used to quicken recovery from the common cold
and flu. The effects of elder flowers are alternative, diaphoretic,
anti-inflammatory and anti-catarrhal (meaning that it prevents inflammation
and discharge for mucous membrane).
Elder flowers contain:
· Triterpenes, including ursolic
acid
· Fixed oil containing linoleic,
linoleic and palmitic acids
· Flavonoids, including rutin,
quercetin , kampherol
· Pectin
· Sugars
Other uses of elder flowers:
· Winter Challenges
· Support nasal, sinus and middle
ear health
· Smoothes cough
· Used topically for various skin
conditions
Elder Flowers also known as: Elderberry, Sambucus nigra, Sambucus
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F
Feverfew
The main active ingredient in the herb feverfew is parthenolide,
a phytochemical that provides feverfew its anti-inflammatory properties.
The herb is also believed to sooth the blood vessels in the head
and prevent blood vessel spasms which may contribute to headaches
and other resulting problems. Feverfew was known to the ancient
Egyptians and Greeks who regarded it as a valuable remedy to alleviate
headaches, joint and stomach aches, menstrual stress and to help
maintain normal body temperature.
The feverfew plant is rich in sesquiterpene lactones, the principal
one being parthenolide. Other constituents include essential oils,
flavonoid glycosides, pinene derivatives and costic acid. Feverfew
should be taken regularly to receive maximum protection and benefit.
Feverfew also contains niacin and iron, and provides nutrition
to the central nervous system.
Feverfew should not be used during pregnancy or if nursing.
Feverfew is also known as: Tanacetum parthenium, Chrysanthemum
parthenium, Bachelor's Button
Flax Seed Oil
In this day and age of fat phobia and the resultant barrage of
low fat and non-fat food products, a recommendation to supplement
your daily diet with one to two tablespoons of essential fatty acid
rich flax or borage seed oil would appear to go against what you
are being told. To the contrary, this is exactly what health conscious
consumers are doing across the country, to attain and maintain optimal
health.
While it is true that Americans should not consume more than 20-30%
of daily calories as fats, a lack of the dietary essential fatty
acids has been suggested to facilitate degenerative disease.
Flax seed oil is considered by many to be the answer to this health
dilemma. Oil extracted from flax seed is unique because it contains
both essential fatty acids: alpha-linolenic, an omega-3 fatty acid,
and linoleic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, in appreciable amounts.
Flax seed oil is the world's richest vegetable source of omega-3
fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids have been extensively studied for
their apparent beneficial effects toward:
· Heart-protective activity
· Maintain normal blood cholesterol
and blood pressure
· Skin health
· Normal circulation
· Soothing joints
The high content of omega-3 fatty acids in flax seed oil is but
one of its positive attributes. Essential fatty acids common to
flax seed oil are ultimately converted to hormone-like substances
known as prostaglandins, and are important for the regulation of
a host of bodily functions including:
· Inflammation, pain, and swelling
· Secretions from mucus membranes
and their viscosity
· Smooth muscle and autonomic reflexes,
gastrointestinal, arterial, ear, heart
· Water retention
· Blood clotting ability
· Allergic response
· Nerve transmission
· Steroid production and hormone
synthesis
Scientists continue to discover regulating effects of prostaglandins.
Without the essential fatty acids, precursors of prostaglandins,
problems in the regulation of the above listed bodily functions
are possible.
Nature's most potent concentration of GLA comes in the form of
borage seed oil (24%). A great deal of scientific research has been
conducted with supplements rich in GLA, resulting in significant
interest regarding specific health concerns, including pre-menstrual
syndrome, breast health, skin health and circulatory support.
When considering an essential fatty acid supplement and deciding
on whether to use flax or borage seed oils, the most sensible solution
may be a formulation of the two. The combination of both flax and
borage seed oil yields a true Omega-Twin, by providing nature's
best of the omega-3 fatty acids in flax with the best of omega-6
fatty acids in GLA rich borage oil.
Supplementation with flax seed & borage seed oils makes good
sense for the following reasons:
1. Omega-3 fatty acids and GLA together on the production of beneficial
prostaglandins.
2. There are many health benefits from both flax seed and borage
seed supplements.
3. Flax seed oil combined with borage seed oil work together for
even better results.
4. Flax seed and borage seed oils combined is a less expensive
supplement than purchasing them separately.
To achieve optimal health, the answer does not appear to be 'no
fat', but the right fat, as common to flax and borage seed oils.
Past and present scientific research supports the use of essential
fatty acid nutrients in promoting optimal health. Flax seed oil
is recognized as nature's richest source of essential and omega-3
fatty acids. Borage seed oil is recognized as nature's richest source
of GLA. These natural plant substances used alone have created a
great deal of interest in the control of numerous health problems.
The combination of omega-3 fatty acids with gamma-linolenic acid
may further complement the health benefits of either fatty acid
used singularly.
Other Flax Seed Information:
Flax, an ancient but little known seed, has recently gained worldwide
recognition for its many nutritional attributes. Recently, researchers
from The University of Toronto began to study the potential benefits
of flax. Their results showed that flax seed could support normal
cholesterol and also normal cell growth. The prediction is that
flax will likely be found in many new foods in the near future.
In Dr. Andrew Weil's new book "Eight Weeks to Optimum Health",
flax seeds are the first things suggested for anyone interested
in eating healthier. He recommends whole flax seeds ground into
cereal or sprinkled on foods, but they are also available in capsule
form or in flax seed oil. At a recent Experimental Biology seminar,
researchers related that levels of 1.25 and 2.5% flax in the diet
stimulated the immune system, increased vitamin D levels and increased
the retention of calcium, magnesium and phosphate. Moderately high
levels of flax, compared to the same level of oat bran, was better
in supporting normal blood triglycerides, total cholesterol and
LDL, and favorable effects on insulin activity as well. Flax seeds
are very reasonably priced and seem to be a valuable addition to
the daily diet.
Fo-Ti- or Ho shou wu
Fo-Ti is derived from the dried roots of a Japanese evergreen called
Polygonum multiflorum. In China, where it is called Ho shou wu,
Fo-Ti is said to possess almost magical rejuvenating properties
and it is especially popular with the elderly who believe it can
help one maintain hair color, preserve youthfulness, restore fertility
and tone the chi.
Traditional Chinese herbalists place great emphasis on the shape
and age of the Ho shou wu roots, with the older roots being in great
demand. Made into a tea or infusion for oral ingestion, both Eastern
and Western herbalists recommend Fo-Ti as a supplement to maintain
youthful vigor, increase energy, tone the kidneys and liver, and
purify the blood. Fo-Ti is also employed by herbalists as a remedy
for insomnia, stomach upset, and diabetes.
Fo-Ti contains a number of glycosides that account for the herb's
use as a adaptogen. Ho shou wu roots may contain compounds that
support immune, nervous and hormonal systems.
Fo-Ti is often used by athletes to support stamina and endurance
and is suggested to shorten recovery time after a work out.
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G
Garlic
While garlic (Allium sativum) is best known as a culinary
herb and 'vampire retardant', the medicinal benefits and claims
for garlic have awarded it the name "wonder drug among all
herbs". Garlic has been used all over the world for thousands
of years for a wide range of health benefits.
Modern-day research helps explain the broad applications of this
"miracle" herb. The same component that gives garlic its
strong odor is the one that destroys or inhibits various bacteria
and fungi. When garlic is crushed, its alliim is converted to the
pungent allicin by the action of the allinase enzyme. Allicin is
associated with many of garlic's beneficial properties.
Garlic is reported to be effective against a range of microbes,
which is why it has been used in folk medicine to treat various
infections. Garlic oil has expectorant properties which may explain
its use for respiratory health, helping opening up lungs and bronchial
tubes.
Ancient herbalists and traditional healers were on to a food that
may be very helpful in addressing a host of health challenges, including
heart disease and cell damage caused by pollutants, radiation and
aging. Studies suggest that garlic contains more than 200 different
compounds, with biological activities that can favorably influence
long term health and well-being. For example, in laboratory studies
garlic preparations have been shown to support normal cell growth
and normal circulation and heart health..
One effect of garlic is in supporting normal blood pressure. Dr.
F. G. Piotrowski of the University of Geneva used garlic on patients
with abnormally high blood pressure. The study revealed that garlic
treatment brought "excellent results". Garlic, according
to Dr. Piotrowski, has a dilating effect on blood vessels and thus
is effective in reducing blood pressure.
What Garlic Does:
Garlic's sulfur compounds are linked to its medicinal uses. Garlic
unleashes at least 100 sulfur-containing compounds, the main one
being allicin. However, for protecting the circulatory system the
sulfides and other compounds derived from allicin are equally as
effective. There is some evidence that excessively large amounts
of raw garlic in the diet may contribute to the development of anemia.
Therefore, anemic patients should take only garlic extracts or garlic
in cooked form, not in raw form.
Preliminary studies suggest garlic may offer a wide range of health
benefits such as:
· Support of normal blood LDL cholesterol
and triglycerides
· Support of normal blood clotting
by preventing clumping of blood platelets (better than aspirin)
· Support of normal blood sugar
and various immunological factors that may help combat many illnesses
· Protection of cells against damage
by oxidizing agents and heavy metals
Ginger
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Ginger, a multifaceted herb, is crucial in the battle against cardiovascular
health. The volatile oils of the versatile ginger plant are responsible
for its active medicinal properties as well as for its pungent odor
and taste, commonly found in Asian or Indian cooking.
Ginger may offer substantial protection to the heart and circulation
because of its ability to support normal blood clotting. Studies
suggest ginger inhibits the synthesis of some prostaglandins that
are associated with constriction of blood vessels and platelet clumping
as well as inflammation.
For centuries, traditional Chinese medicine has valued ginger as
a tonic for digestion. It is commonly used for indigestion today
because ginger is thought to be of use in the stomach and GI tract.
As the ginger herb eases the transport of substances through the
digestive tract, it soothes the intestinal walls. Ginger is also
believed to support the production and secretion of bile from the
liver and gallbladder. Bile aids in the digestion of fats, and its
secretion helps healthier cholesterol levels.
In traditional Chinese medicine the herb ginger is used to enhance
the absorption of some herbs. Ginger has also been shown to relieve
motion sickness and nausea.
Ginger is also used for:
· Colds & coughs
· Colon and stomach spasms
· Constipation
· Indigestion
· Gas or flatulence
· Headaches
· Morning sickness
· Nausea
· Sinus congestion
· Digestive aid
· Support of normal platelet aggregation
(or normal circulation)
· Antioxidant
· Normal blood cholesterol
· Improving appetite
· Support of liver health
Ginger is also known as: Zingiber officinalis
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo Biloba is one of the oldest living tree species, dating
back over 300 million years, and individual trees can live for over
1,000 years. In China, extracts of the fruit and leaves of the ginkgo
tree have been used for over 5,000 years for respiratory concerns
and brain function.
Recently, western researchers have been studying Ginkgo Biloba
as a control for senility, hardening of the arteries, and as a support
for oxygen deprivation. More than 34 human studies on Ginkgo have
been published since 1975, showing, among other things, that Ginkgo
can increases the body's production of the universal energy molecule
adenosine triphosphate, commonly called ATP. This activity has been
shown to boost the brain's metabolism of energy-producing glucose
and increase electrical activity.
Scientists have also discovered that Ginkgo contains an abundance
of useful compounds including the antioxidants Vitamin C and carotenoids,
but it is the flavonoid compounds collectively known as "ginkgolides"
that are the most remarkable. The Ginkgo flavonoids have been shown
to act specifically to dilate the smallest segment of the circulatory
system, the micro-capillaries, which has a widespread affect on
the circulation, especially to the brain. Researchers have also
reported that Ginkgo extracts effectively increase blood circulation
and increase oxygen levels in brain tissues. Ginkgo is also a powerful
antioxidant that supports normal platelet aggregation inside arterial
walls, helping to keep them flexible.
Ginkgo's ability to improve blood flow has been shown in numerous
studies with the elderly. Aging can be associated with decreased
blood flow to the lower extremities, with numbing or tingling legs
common in this group. German researchers found that Ginkgo extracts
improved circulation to the extremities and made it possible for
patients to walk further with much less discomfort.
Ginkgo biloba extracts are considered safe and free of side effects,
though taking very large doses may lead to diarrhea, nausea and
vomiting, which can be controlled by reducing the amount consumed.
Ginkgo can increase bleeding time. Consult a health care practitioner
if you are taking any medication such as an anti-coagulant.
Ginseng
The ancient Chinese believed that the root of the ginseng plant
was the crystallization of the essence of the earth in the shape
of a man and that ginseng had rejuvenating, recuperative, revitalizing,
and curative action. The first Chinese Materia Medica written by
Shen-nong stated that ginseng was used for its tonic and tranquilizing
effects and that ginseng increased alertness, brilliance, and concentration,
and improved memory; and that prolonged ginseng use brought about
longevity.
Ginseng's Reported Benefits:
· Increase physical stamina and
sexual prowess in both men and women
· Circulation support
· Support of normal blood pressure
· Calming, restorative effect on
body
· Immune system support
There are two major ginseng species; Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng)
and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) The name panax, derived
from Greek, means 'all cure' (pan means 'all', ax means 'cure').
Ginseng, meaning "wonder of the world", has been known
and respected by the Chinese for centuries and possesses real value
for support of human health. Modern scientific findings have documented
many attributed uses of ginseng, with tonic action being the most
persistent; it is now often described as "tonic of the cerebral
cortex" and good to relieve stress (an "adaptogen"
activity).
Ginseng has a "universal defense action" and meets all
three requirements for adaptation effects:
1. Ginseng is not toxic and has no side effects. It does not cause
any discomfort or disorder in the physiological functions of the
body.
2. The action of ginseng is neither local nor specific; i.e. it
is believed to increase the body's strength resistance to adverse
stress (chemical, physical or biological agents).
3. Ginseng is a regulator, exhibiting normalizing effects of the
body including the regulating effects of high and low blood pressure.
Ginseng has been used in traditional Asian medicine for centuries
as a general tonic and cardiotonic agent. Scientific studies provide
evidence of these biological effects of ginseng and also support
the uses of ginseng for other health benefits.
The usage of Asian and American ginseng is very different, according
to the famous Chinese pharmaceutical compendium and Chinese traditional
medicine of Yin Yang.
American Ginseng possesses "cooling" property to the
body, while Asian ginseng possesses "warming". Therefore,
people with the "warming" body should only take American
ginseng which is "cooling" , but people with "cooling"
body should only take Asian ginseng instead. Otherwise, contradictions
exist, particularly for people with weaknesses. It is no wonder
that American ginseng is often used to for stress and fatigue, but
not Asian (Chinese and Korean ) ginseng, which has more stimulating
and depleting effects.
Lu, Okauda and Tolia, Lewis Muwalla and Abuirmeileh, and Kaku
et al reported that American ginseng has insulin-like activity,
influences neuralgic reactions, supports normal total cholesterol
level and supports heart and blood circulatory functions. This research
on American ginseng found that ginseng has the ability to balance
and tone the biochemistry system of the body, strengthen the immune
system, provide enormous energy, eliminate the daily fatigue, enhance
vitality, and improve physical and mental strength. In addition,
American ginseng is supportive of blood pressure and cardiovascular
health.
The differences between American and Asian ginsengs are well documented,
not only by Chinese traditional doctors, but also by modern scientists.
It is found that the differences in the active constituents may
account for the differing properties of American and Asian ginseng.
Shibata's group and Staba and his colleagues found that the types
of saponins in American ginseng are similar to those in Asian ginseng,
the exception being that ginsenosides Ra and Rf found in Asian ginseng
are absent from American ginseng. There are some differences in
quantity of ginsenosides Rg and Re groups between American ginseng
and Asian ginseng. Furthermore, the relative abundance of panaxadiols
and panaxatrios differs in the two ginseng species. American ginseng
contains very few ginsenosides with central nervous system support,
which is why it is regarded as a "cooling agent".
EFFECTS OF GINSENG ON SPORTS PERFORMANCE
Ginseng has been suggested to enhance sports performance, though
studies results are mixed. Athletes from beginning joggers to Olympic
contenders agree that ginseng helps them overcome the strain and
drain of exercise. A recent Swiss study conducted by Dr. Anton Kirchdorfer
shows how ginseng helps. Thirty athletes were given exercise tests
on a programmed exercise cycling machine to assure a specific level
of muscle work. The heart rate and lactate concentration in the
blood was measured before, immediately after and for several minutes
following the exercise.
Strong exertion for eight minutes more than doubled the athletes'
heart rates from an average value of about 70 to 155. During recuperation,
their heart rate slowly returned to normal over a period of about
20 minutes; their heart rates fell below 100 after 4-5 minutes.
The athletes were then given ginseng daily for nine weeks. The
tests were conducted again, using the same amount of exercise. Their
pulse rates this time increased to only 140, and during recuperation
their heart rates fell blow 100 within just 3 minutes, and were
back to normal in 5 minutes.
Lactate (the substance that causes muscular pain following prolonged
exercise) was measured during the same tests. Before using ginseng,
the lactate levels of the athletes increased from 2.0 before exercise
to 10.5 afterward, without returning to normal levels even after
20 minutes. Following nine weeks of ginseng administration, lactate
acid levels only reached 6.2 at their highest point, and decreased
to normal in about twenty minutes.
These figures suggest the athletes were using oxygen much more
efficiently after taking ginseng. Thus, their hearts did not need
to pump as fast, and they did not produce as much lactic acid, (the
by-product of carbohydrate metabolism). The quicker return to normal
physiologic conditions also indicates that there is less stress
to the entire system.
The blood carries oxygen to the cells of the body. In the cells,
oxygen combines with chemicals obtained from food. Energy produced
during the process makes it possible for each cell to perform its
function in the body. Ginseng supports the basal metabolic rate.
More about ginseng:
· Ginseng stimulates both physical
and mental activity.
· Ginseng greatly strengthens and
protects the human body from stress.
· Ginseng increases physical and
mental efficiency, improves accuracy of work, and contributes to
one's concentration.
· Ginseng stimulates and improves
the work of the brain cells.
· Ginseng is well known to support
of the nervous system.
· Ginseng supports the function
of the endocrine glands.
Glucosol
Banaba is the Tagalog (Philippine language) name for Lagerstroemia
speciosa. The standardized extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa is
called Glucosol. This botanical has a long history of use as a folk
remedy for blood sugar control in the Philippines and elsewhere.
Various animal studies have given credence to the use of banaba
for the control of blood sugar levels. An interesting "side
effect" of banaba was observed in an animal study, an anti-obesity
effect. Young mice were fed a control diet or test diet containing
a banaba leaf extract for 12 weeks. There was no difference in the
two groups in terms of dietary intake during the experimental period.
Body weight gain and adipose (fat) tissue weight were significantly
lower in the group that received the banaba extract.
The hypoglycemic effect of L. speciosa extract was also studied
using mice that are genetically predisposed to diabetes. After a
meal of carbohydrates, the elevation in blood glucose level in the
non-insulin dependent diabetic mice was almost entirely suppressed
by addition of Lagerstroemia speciosa extract in the diet. Serum
insulin levels, the amount of glucose excreted in the urine, were
also lower in mice fed Lagerstroemia speciosa extract. Furthermore,
total cholesterol levels were also lower in mice fed the Lagerstroemia
speciosa extract.
Transporting glucose into cells is critical to provide the energy
necessary for the cells to carry out their vital functions. Any
compound that can stimulate glucose transport will effectively help
to lower blood sugar levels. One of the active constituents in L.
speciosa is corosolic acid, which is suggested to have insulin-like
activity. Based on recent research, corosolic acid was observed
to be an activator of glucose transport, which ultimately results
in a lowering of blood glucose levels.
Lagerstroemia speciosa extract has been observed in human trials
to:
· Aid weight loss
· Help maintain normal blood sugar
levels
Results from animal studies suggest Lagerstroemia speciosa extract:
· Moderates liver lipid levels
· Moderates blood cholesterol levels
Goldenseal
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) a member of the family Ranunculaceae,
is a native American medicinal drug introduced to early settlers
by Cherokee Indians, who used it as a wash for skin disorders and
sore eyes. Goldenseal extract, derived from the rhizome and roots
of this small forest plant, has acquired a considerable reputation
as a general bitter tonic and to support the health of the gastric
and genitourinary systems.
Goldenseal's benefits can be attributed to its alkaloids, especially
hydrastine and barberine. The barberine is also responsible for
the herb's characteristic golden color. These alkaloids are strongly
astringent and help soothe irritation of mucous membranes. Hydrastine
has also been reported to lower blood pressure and stimulate peristalsis,
along with being an antitussive (cough reliever).
Barberine and its sulfate, barberine sulfate, have been demonstrated
to have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and immunostimulatory activity.
Barberine has shown marked effects on acute diarrhea. Barberine
also enhances the activity of specific white blood cells that help
the body fight infection against invading organisms. Goldenseal
also reportedly increases the blood flow to the spleen, which also
supports immune function.
Goldenseal has been recommended to support the health of mucous
membranes, including stomach, intestinal, vaginal and rectal. It
has been reported that the plant relieves pains and helps heal wounds
and stop bleeding. In addition, the antibacterial action helps control
infection of open sores.
A dose of Goldenseal that is too high may cause nausea, vomiting,
a decrease in the white blood count and feelings of pins and needles
in the hands and feet.
Gotu Kola
The herb gotu kola rebuilds the energy reserves, and is thought
to be particularly useful after a nervous system support. Gotu kola
is sometimes called "food for the brain".
Gotu kola helps to combat stress, improve reflexes, and increase
mental and physical power. Gotu kola is used for high blood pressure,
senility, aging, and to help the body protect itself against toxins,
though there is no real scientific support for these claims.
This herb was first used in India, where it is part of Ayurveda,
the traditional herbal medicine. It was also mentioned in the Shennong
Herbal compiled in China about two thousand years ago. In recent
years, gotu kola has become popular in the West as a nerve tonic
to promote relaxation and to enhance memory.
Indian healers used the gotu kola herb to treat skin inflammations
and as a mild diuretic. Oriental healers relied on gotu kola to
treat emotional disorders such as depression that may be rooted
in physical problems. Gotu kola has also been used to bring down
fever and to relieve congestion due to colds and upper respiratory
infections.
Recent studies show that gotu kola has a positive effect on the
circulatory system: It seems to improve the flow of blood throughout
the body by strengthening the veins and capillaries. Gotu kola therefore
supports peripheral circulation, especially important in the legs.
Gotu kola has been used traditionally for people who are inactive
or confined to bed due to illness. Proponents of the herb also believe
that its beneficial effect on circulation may help improve memory
and brain function.
The gotu kola herb also has an important potential role in gynecology.
Gotu kola has been used successfully to promote healing after episiotomies,
a surgical incision of the vulva performed to control tearing during
childbirth. In fact, in one study reported in a French medical journal
in 1966, women treated with gotu kola after childbirth healed more
rapidly than those given standard treatment.
Grape Seed
Grape Seed Extract is good for:
· Living longer and healthier
· Preventing development of diseases
· Improving eyesight
· Reducing varicose veins
· Improving flexibility of joints
and arteries
· Youthful appearance
Scientists have discovered that certain nutrients can help you
look younger and feel healthier. An important nutrient in the quest
for anti-aging, long term health and well-being is grape seed extract.
Grape seed extract is known as a powerful antioxidant. Antioxidants
help protect the body from damage from free cells. The antioxidant
capacity of grape seed extract comes from proanthocyanidins (oligomeric
proanthocyanidins) (OPCs). Scientific studies have shown that proanthocyanidins
antioxidant power is 20 times stronger than Vitamin C and 50 times
stronger than Vitamin E.
Extensive research suggests that the proanthocyanidins found in
grape seed extract may be beneficial in many areas of health due
to their antioxidant effect. Grape seed extract has the ability
to bond with collagen; promotes youthful skin, cell health, elasticity
and flexibility. Other studies show that grape seed extract proanthocyanidins
help protect the body from sun damage and help support vision. Grape
seed extract has been shown to support flexibility in joints, arteries
and body tissues such as the heart. Research studies have shown
that grape seed extract helps support blood circulation by strengthening
capillaries, arteries and veins.
Research Studies
Proanthocyanidins have been used for decades in Europe to improve
circulation, reduce edema and varicose veins. In a double blind
study of 50 patients with chronic venous insufficiency, grape seed
extract alleviated symptoms of this circulatory disorder. Another
study of 25 patients with high blood pressure or diabetes who were
given 150 milligrams of proanthocyanidins per day showed a significant
increase in capillary strength as compared to the placebo group.
A double blind, placebo-controlled study involving 92 patients with
peripheral venous insufficiency showed that proanthocyanidins substantially
reduced pain, night time cramps and subjective edema.
Declining vision is common with aging. According to a recent clinical
study; proanthocyanidins may play a role in improving vision. In
a research study, 100 people who were free of eye defect and eye
disease were given 200 milligrams of proanthocyanidins daily for
four weeks. The subjects were tested for their resistance to blinding
and for their ability to see in dim light. 98 out of 100 test subjects
showed an improvement in vision as a result of supplementing with
proanthocyanidins (grape seed extract). Proanthocyanidin, the active
ingredient of grape seed extract, has been proven to be 20 times
more potent than Vitamin C and 50 times more potent than Vitamin
E as an antioxidant! Science News magazine, the weekly news magazine
of Science, published the findings of Dr. Ho (Tufts University,
Medford, MA) on February 22, 1997. Dr. Ho found a direct link between
free radicals and prostate cancer, the second leading cause of cancer
deaths in men. The article in Science News goes on to say, "New
findings in this area suggest that dietary and other antioxidant
therapies may hold great promise for curbing this scourge."
The article states further, "Several studies have found that
men taking vitamin E, a potent antioxidant, are far less likely
to develop prostate cancer than men who don't supplement their diets
with the vitamin." Remember that grape seed extract is 50 times
more potent than vitamin E as an antioxidant!
Guarana
The herb guarana is commercially promoted in the health food industry,
among other uses, as a weight loss agent and a smoking cessation
aid. Guarana is considered to be an astringent, containing tannic
acid and related compounds, and is acceptable as a flavoring agent
and a beverage constituent. The herb guarana is permitted as a food
additive in small quantities, provided no claims are made.
Guarana plays an important role in the culture of the Amazonian
Indians. In certain regions, the guarana fruit extract is believed
to be an aphrodisiac and to protect from malaria and dysentery.
Guarana has been used by the indigenous people of the Amazon for
centuries.
In the United States, guarana is generally regarded as safe, with
a caffeine content of 3-5% by dry weight. The effect of the caffeine
in guarana results in a boost of energy and appetite suppression.
Increasing numbers of athletes, dancers and sportsmen are using
it as a natural aid to maintaining peak performance. Guarana is
also perceived to bring energy levels back to normal more quickly
after exercise.
Guarana takes about one hour to be metabolized via the digestive
system. The slower rate of absorption leads to less tension in the
body. Guarana is used more effectively than caffeine alone and does
not lead to the stress reaction which may occur in cases of high
coffee intake.
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Kava Kava
This herb, a member of the pepper family, grows
as a bush in the South Pacific. Explorer Captain James Cook, who
gave this plant the botanical name of "intoxicating pepper",
first discovered kava kava. Kava kava has been used for over 3,000
years for its medicinal effects as a sedative, muscle relaxant,
diuretic, and as a remedy for nervousness and insomnia.
The botanical has been used in parts of the South Pacific at traditional
social gatherings as a relaxant. The roots can be made into a beverage
that is comparable to popular cocktails in our culture. In Germany,
kava kava is commonly used to reduce anxiety. Kava kava was first
mentioned in scientific records in 1886, and it is gaining popularity
in the US for its relaxing effects.
More recently, kava kava has also gained popularity with the natives
of Hawaii, Australia and New Guinea where it is also used for its
calming properties. Kava kava has also effective to soothe muscle
tension as in PMS. Topically, kava kava has a analgesic effect.
Recent clinical studies have shown that kava kava is safe, non-addictive,
anti-anxiety and has been shown to improve concentration, memory,
and reaction time for people suffering from anxiety. Kava kava has
been clinically demonstrated as a means of achieving a state of
relaxation without the adverse side effects.
Several lactones have been isolated in the kava kava root. Of the
fifteen lactones isolated from kava, there are six major lactones
(kavalactones) known to provide its beneficial activity: kawain,
methysticin, demethoxy-yangonin, dihydrokawain, dihydomethysicin,
and yongonin. All kavalactones are physiologically active, though
it is the fat-soluble kavalactones derived from kava kava resin
that have the greatest effect on the central nervous system. Kava
kava also has a direct effect on muscle tension. The activity of
the kava rhizome is related to several arylethylene pyrones similar
in structure to myristicin, which is found in nutmeg.
Kava kava's primary use is as a relaxant and sleep-aid. It induces
a feeling of peace, relaxation and contentment along with a sharpening
of the senses.
Kava kava is the most relaxing botanical herb known with exception
of the opium poppy. Pharmacological studies show kava kava's active
ingredients, kavalactones, produce physical and mental relaxation
and a feeling of well being. It is an effective local anesthetic
and pain reliever when applied externally as a liniment. The relaxed
state and sharpening of senses also contribute to an aphrodisiac
effect.
Parts Used: Root and rhizome. Used as powder, fluid extract, and
tonic beverage.
Common Use: Kava kava root is primarily used as a natural sedative
and sleep enhancement. Herbalists have traditionally used it as
a remedy for nervousness and insomnia. Kava kava is an effective
relaxant able to induce a feeling of relaxation, peace and contentment,
along with a sharpening of the senses. As a sleep aid it promotes
deep and restful sleep. It is also a muscle relaxant that can help
relieve cramping due to spasms.
NOTE: Do not use if pregnant, nursing, or being
treated for depression.
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Lemon Verbena
There is little history or legend recorded for lemon
verbena. Native to South America, the plant was found in Argentina
and Chili by Spanish explorers, who brought it to Europe in the
seventeenth century, where it was grown for its aromatic oil.
Medicinal Action and Uses of Lemon Verbena:
Lemon verbena is used as a febrifuge (fever reducer)
and a sedative. The uses of lemon verbena are similar to those of
mint, orange flowers, or melissa, as a reputed stomachic and antispasmodic
in dyspepsia, indigestion and flatulence, stimulating skin and stomach.
Lemon verbena is also known as Aloysia citriodora, Verveine
citronelle or odorante, herb Louisa, lemon scented verbena, Verbena
triphylla and Lippia triphylla.
Licorice
Licorice is a perennial herb native to southern Europe,
Asia and the Mediterranean. The herb is extensively cultivated in
Russia, Spain, Iran and India. Licorice is one of the most popular
and widely consumed herbs in the world.
Although many know this herb for its flavoring in candy, licorice
is believed to contain many health benefits. Ancient cultures on
every continent have used licorice, with the first recorded use
by the Egyptians in the 3rd century BC. The Egyptians and the Greeks
recognized the licorice herb's benefits in treating coughs and lung
disease. Licorice is the second most prescribed herb in China, followed
by ginseng; it is suggested for dealing with the spleen, liver and
kidney. The Japanese use a licorice preparation to control hepatitis.
The most common medical use for licorice is for supporting upper
respiratory tract health.
The main constituent found in the root is glycyrrhizin. The plant
also contains various sugars (14%), starches (30%), flavonoids,
saponoids, sterols, amino acids, gums, and essential oil. Glycyrrhizin,
stimulates the secretion of the adrenal cortex hormone aldosterone.
Licorice is effective as a cough suppressant. Licorice rhizomes
have a high mucilage content which, when mixed with water or used
in cough drops, soothe mucous membranes. Licorice apparently also
has an expectorant effect which increases the secretion of the bronchial
glands. Licorice is thought to be effective to soothe throat, lung,
and bronchial membranes.
Homeopathic use of licorice for gastric irritation dates back to
the first century. Today, herbal preparations are used to support
the digestive system. Rarely used alone, licorice is a common component
of many herbal teas as mild laxative, a diuretic, and for flatulence.
Licorice has also been known to soothe joints and support normal
blood sugar. The licorice root extract produces mild estrogenic
effects, and it has proven useful in supporting stress of menopause
and menstruation.
The constituent glycyrrhizin is 50 times sweeter than sugar, making
it a widely used ingredient in the food industry. The distinctive
flavor of licorice makes it a popular additive to baked confections,
liqueurs, ice cream and candies. Licorice is also widely used in
medicines to mask bitter tastes and also to prevent pills from sticking
together.
Licorice has also been used in poultices for control of dermatitis
and skin infections. It helps to open the pores and is used in combination
with other cleansing and healing herbs as an emollient.
Licorice is an ingredient in many cough medicines and a popular
and well known remedy for bronchial distress. Licorice can have
a beneficial effect on digestive processes.
Other Licorice Information:
Title: Phytochemicals: guardians of our health.
Medical Journal: Journal of the American Dietetic Association
1997 Oct;97(10 Suppl 2):S199-S204
Author: Craig WJ
Abstract: Consuming a diet rich in plant foods will provide a milieu
of phytochemicals, non-nutritive substances in plants that possess
health-protective benefits. Nuts, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
contain an abundance of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, pigments,
and other natural antioxidants that have been associated with protection
from and/or treatment of chronic disease such as heart disease,
cancer, diabetes, and hypertension as well as other medical conditions.
The foods and herbs with the highest anticancer activity include
garlic, soybeans, cabbage, ginger, licorice, and the umbelliferous
vegetables.
The sugar of Licorice may safely be taken by diabetic patients.
Licorice is also known as Liquorice.
Ligusticum
Ligusticum is a Chinese herb that is believed to promote circulation
and regulates energy, and to be good for post-natal abdominal pain,
painful abscesses, and headaches due to colds.
The ligusticum roots and fruit are aromatic and stimulant, and
have been shown to have diuretic and carminative (gas expelling)
action. In herbal medicine, ligusticum is used for disorders of
the stomach and feverish attacks, especially for cases of colic
and flatulence in children, its qualities being similar to those
of Angelica in expelling flatulence, exciting perspiration and opening
obstructions. The leaves eaten as salad, or infused dry as a tea,
used to be accounted a good emmenagogue (an agent which induces
or hastens menstrual flow).
An infusion of the root was recommended by old writers for gravel,
jaundice and urinary troubles, and the cordial, sudorific nature
of the roots and seeds caused their use to be extolled in pestilential
disorders (parasites). In the opinion of Culpepper, the working
of the seeds was more powerful than that of the root; he tells us
that an infusion 'being dropped into the eyes taketh away their
redness or dimness'. It is highly recommended to drink the decoction
(boiled-down extraction) of Ligusticum for agues. The distilled
water is good for quinsy if the mouth and throat be gargled and
washed therewith. The decoction drunk three or four times a day
is effectual in pleurisy.
Several species of this umbelliferous genus are employed as domestic
medicines. The root of Ligusticum sinense, under the name of Kao-Pau,
is largely used by the Chinese, and in the northwestern United States
the large, aromatic roots of Ligusticum Filicinum (OSHA Colorado
cough-root) are used to a considerable extent as stimulating expectorants.
Ligusticum is also known as: Ligusticum levisticum, Old English
Lovage, Italian Lovage, Cornish Lovage, and Kao-Pau.
Litchi Seed - Li Zhi He
In traditional Chinese medicine litchi seed is used
to produce fluids and promote energy circulation. Litchi is often
used in a mixture or tonic to promote general well being or energy.
Uses of Litchi Seed:
· Increasing your energy
· Increasing body fluids needed
for good health
· Increasing feeling of well being
Litchi Seed is also known as: Li Zhi He, Litchi,
Litchi chinensis Sonn, Sapindaceae, Lychee, Leechee, Lichee, and
Lichi Nut.
Litchi Seed - Li Zhi He
Lycium's botanical name is Lycium barbarum L. Lycium
also has the common names Wolfberry fruit, Lycium fruit, or Chinese
Lycium.
For thousands of years people in Asia have used lycium fruit and
licorice to help maintain good health. Lycium is a Chinese herb
that is used to improve vision and to prevent headaches and dizziness
caused by liver and kidney deficiencies.
Lycium fruit extract contains both conventional nutrients and phytonutrients
(nutrients from plants), including vitamins, minerals, beta-carotene,
polysaccharides and amino acids, and is high in antioxidants.
The herb lycium is good for the body meridians of the liver; kidneys
and lungs.
Functions of Lycium:
· Tonifies the kidneys
· Nourishes the liver
· Brightens the eyes
· Moistens the lungs
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Mullein
The herb mullein is an old-time remedy for bronchitis and dry,
unproductive coughs. Mullein is a good expectorant, and in the process
of clearing out the congestion, it also soothes mucous membranes
of the respiratory tract. An antispasmodic, mullein is thought to
relieve stomach cramps and help control diarrhea.
Mullein apparent benefits:
· Covers and protects scraped tissues
· Softens and soothes irritated
skin
· Shrinks tissues
· Prevents secretion of fluids
· Eases coughs and sore throats
· Soothes minor abrasions
· Relieves hemorrhoid pain
Mullein is widely used in Europe for health of the respiratory
system. The mullein plant is characterized by wide "woolly"
leaves that project below a tall stalk. Mullein is a common plant
in the Western United States mountain areas.
Common use of mullein: Demulcent (soothes or releives pain in inflamed
or irritated mucous membranes), anodyne (soother, pain reliever),
anti-inflammatory; expectorant, respiratory support, relaxant.
Mullein is also known as: Verbascum thapsus, Verbascum thapsiforme,
V. phlomoides, V. thapsus, Blanket Herb, Lady's Foxglove and Cow's
Lungwort
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Passion Flower
The herb passion flower is one of nature's best sleep aids. Passion
flower is thought to relieve muscle tension and other manifestations
of extreme anxiety, and to be especially good for nervous insomnia
- the kind that keeps you lying in bed worrying until the late hours.
Since the tryptophan scare, in which a contaminated batch of this
essential amino acid was linked to several deaths, passion flower
has become very popular as a safe, natural alternative to help promote
a good night's sleep. Herbalists often recommend passion flower
for times of extreme emotional upset.
Passion flower is a woody vine with flowers that reminded early
pilgrims of the passion and suffering of Christ. Passion flower
bears small berry-like fruit called granadilla or water lemon.
Passion flower is used as a sedative in nervous disorders (including
gastrointestinal complaints of nervous origin), difficulties in
sleeping, and anxiety or restlessness, especially in children. It
is also used to treat female anxiety during menses, childbirth and
menopause. Research shows that passion flower reduces spasms and
depresses the central nervous system.
Passion flower contains flavonoids such as isovitexin, vitexin,
saponarin, orientin, glycosides, gynocardin, and alkaloids.
Passion Flower is also known as: Passiflora incarnata, Wild
Passion Flower, Maypop
Common uses of passion flower: Antispasmodic, spinal - Nervine,
insomnia, shingles, headaches.
Caution: This herb may cause sleepiness in some
people and should not be used before driving or operating machinery.
Do not take during pregnancy.
Peppermint
Scientific evidence shows that the aromatic peppermint herb helps
stimulate the body and mind. Peppermint is said to be calming to
the stomach and invigorating to the tissues. However, there isn't
much research to explain exactly why peppermint affects the immune
system. In Chinese traditional medicine peppermint is called Bo
He.
Peppermint is one of the oldest and best-tasting home remedies
for digestive support. Studies show that peppermint lessens the
amount of time food spends in the stomach by stimulating the gastric
lining. Peppermint also relaxes the stomach muscles and promotes
burping. Peppermint is used for indigestion and distress of the
GI tract. Migraine headaches are often relieved when peppermint
oil is rubbed on the temples. The herb peppermint has a calming
effect on the body and can help soothe a nagging cough and allergies.
Common uses of peppermint: Aromatic, carminative, anxiety; antispasmodic,
antiseptic, aids digestion, flatulence, colds influenza, migraines.
Peppermint is also known as: Mentha piperita, Bo He
Pine Bark Extract
Pine bark has been shown to be a very powerful antioxidant and
free radical scavenger, even more powerful than vitamin C or vitamin
E. Free radicals can have aging effects upon your body. Stress,
air pollution, cigarette smoke and chemicals can cause your body
to produce even more free radicals. Pine bark has the extra benefit
of working well with other essential nutrients in a complete health
supplement.
"Another group of plant pigments with remarkable protection
against free radical damage are the flavonoids (found in pine bark).
Flavonoid molecules are also quite unique in their antioxidant and
free radical scavenging activity in that they are active against
a wide variety of oxidants and free radicals." - Encyclopedia
of Natural Medicine
Pine bark can help support circulation in your hands, feet, and
small eye capillaries. It also helps increase skin smoothness, reduces
inflammation, and improves joint flexibility.
Athletes have indicated that pine bark extract shortens their body's
recovery time from training, exercise regimen, or competitive events.
Pine bark extract is also known as: Pycnogenol, Maritime pine
bark
Poria cocos - Fu Ling
Poria cocos is a mushroom amphoteric (having the characteristics
of an acid or base and capable of reacting chemically as either)
in its ability to help regulate either high or low potassium and
sodium balance. Traditional Chinese medicine uses Poria Cocos or
Fu Ling to remove spleen dampness. Excessive dampness and deficiency
of the spleen can be indicated by poor appetite, diarrhea and lassitude
(weariness, listlessness). The herb Poria Cocos is also used in
herbal remedies for insomnia, restlessness, fatigue, sleep disorder,
tension, and nervousness.
Poria cocos is also known as: Fu Ling, Poria, Tuckahoe, Indian
bread, or Hoelen.
Poria cocos supports the heart, spleen, and kidney meridians in
your body.
Pygeum
Pygeum is also known as African Pygeum. It is a large evergreen
tree that grows in the high plateaus of southern Africa.
The pygeum bark is traditionally powdered and drunk as a tea for
genito-urinary supports. Double-blind clinical trials have shown
efficacy for many parameters of prostatic health. Results included
support of normal prostate size and clearance of bladder neck urethra
obstruction.
The pygeum bark contains three groups of active constituents: phytosterols
(including beta-sitosterol), pentacyclic triterpenoids (including
ursolic and oleaic acids) and ferulic esters of long-chain fatty
alcohols (including ferulic esters of docosanol and tetracosanol).
Natural Health 1994 Jul/Aug;24(4):44,46-47
Steinman D
942530
More than half of all men over sixty have enlarged prostates, known
as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Advanced cases can cause
bladder infections, kidney damage, or sexual disability. Standard
treatments include expensive surgical procedures that can result
in bleeding, bladder damage, and impotence, and drugs that cause
dizziness, fatigue, fainting, and impotence. The European medical
community uses Pygeum africanum, a safe, natural remedy for BPH
that is largely unknown in the United States. The treatment is effective
in more than half of all patients. The tribes of Natal have long
used pygeum's brown bark as a cure for bladder pains and urinary
difficulty. Studies indicate that pygeum reduces the symptoms of
BPH, postponing the need for more powerful drugs or surgery. However,
most American urologists are unaware pygeum even exists. Others
assert that the reports of pygeum's success are not supported by
well-controlled scientific studies. However, when one of them, Charles
E. Shapiro of the University of Southern California, was asked to
review some of the European studies, he acknowledged that pygeum
appears to work effectively, without side effects. The Agency for
Health Care Policy and Research is seeking to issue new BPH treatment
guidelines because of the rising cost and mixed results of established
treatments. Transurethral dilation of the prostate has fallen out
of favor as a surgical treatment, to be replaced by transurethral
resection of the prostate. This procedure may result in incontinence
and possibly increased risk of heart disease. In contrast, there
are no known serious side effects of pygeum, and it is inexpensive.
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Red Clover
Red clover is a legume that is a rich source of isoflavones,
including biochanin A, formononetin, daidzein and genisten.. Isoflavones
are abundant in soy and other legumes, but some of the isoflavones
found in red clover are not present in soy.
Isoflavones are phytoestrogens, or compounds found
in plants that exhibit both mild estrogenic activity and anti-estrogen
effects, depending on the ambient hormonal milieu.
To briefly explain this, hormones are produced in
various glands, tissues and organs, and secreted into the blood
stream where they travel to their target tissues. The target tissues
have receptor sites for specific hormones. When the hormone binds
to the receptor, a physiological response is initiated. Phytoestrogens
can bind to estrogen receptors and elicit either pro-estrogenic
effects, or anti-estrogenic effects on target tissues.
Which response occurs depends in part on how much
estrogen the body is producing and how saturated the estrogen receptors
are. When estrogen levels are high, in the pre-menopausal state,
phytoestrogens effectively compete with the body’s own estrogen
for receptor site binding. As the phytoestrogens provide a much
weaker estrogenic effect then that produced in the body, the overall
estrogenic activity is reduced. When estrogen levels are low, as
in menopausal women, the phytoestrogens bind to the receptor sites
where they initiate a weakly pro-estrogenic effect.
The isoflavones in red clover are used primarily to
alleviate the symptoms of female menopause. Red clover is also used
to support the prostate gland and normal urinary tract function
in males, to promote general prostate health and is also cited to
support normal cholesterol levels.
Red clover isoflavones are generally recommended for
relief of menopausal symptoms and for general health and well-being
of postmenopausal women. Red clover has also been cited to help
maintain normal blood cholesterol levels and to maintain a healthy
urinary tract and prostate.
Due to recent studies, red clover extracts are currently
used more for their phytoestrogenic properties. However, red clover
has been used historically by Orientals and Europeans as a medicinal
herb for a variety of purposes. In folk medicine, red clover has
been used to promote lymph flow and support immune system function.
It is suggested to provide a mild sedative effect that can relax
and relieve muscle cramping and nervousness. Red clover is also
known as a blood purifier and for improving the overall health of
the liver. It may also act as a digestive aid and stimulator of
digestive fluids and bile production.
Traditionally, the blossoms from the red clover plant
were used as a tonic taken in the spring to promote good health
and peace of mind. Red clover contains small amounts of silica,
choline, calcium and lecithin, all important for normal body function.
Red clover help with muscle relaxation and also is a good expectorant.
It is an old-time topical remedy for eczema.
Common uses of red clover in herbal medicines include
blood purification, alterative, antineoplastic, skin ailments, wounds;
antispasmodic, bronchitis, and coughs. Red clover combines well
with other herbs such as burdock, stillinngia, golden seal, etc.
It is believed to be soothing to nerves, ulcers, psoriasis, eczema,
and gentle enough for children.
Possible Benefits of using Red Clover:
· Skin Health
· Upper Respiratory tract health
Red clover is also known as Pavine Clover or Cowgrass.
Red Dates
Traditional Chinese medicine uses red dates to strengthen the functions
of heart and lungs, as well as nourish the stomach and spleen. Red
dates also support normal blood pressure. Today's nutrition analysis
shows that red date is rich in Vitamin C, which is essential for
general health.
The red date has also been used by individuals with allergies.
The red date herb is also used to help increase blood flow and
oxygen to the brain to improve memory and promote clear thinking.
Red date is also used in herbal formulas for men to improve their
blood flow, and thus athletic and sexual performance.
Rehmannia
Rehmannia is a Chinese herb used to support fatigue and to promote
the normal healing of injured bones. Rhemannia also is herbal medicine,
provides energy, and helps strengthen the immune system. The herb
rehmannia also helps to strengthen the blood, bones, and tendons.
Meridians in the body rehmannia works on are the liver and kidneys.
Rehmannia is also known as Rehmannia supplement and Sok-Day-Sang-Day.
Reshi Mushroom
Reishi mushroom, also known as Ling-Zhi (Chinese), has been shown
in recent studies to be helpful for heart health, including normal
cholesterol, blood pressure, and circulatory system support. Reishi
mushroom contains a high level of polysaccharides which are essential
for proper functioning of the immune system.
Reishi mushroom is used as a tonic and a sedative. According to
traditional Chinese Medicine, reishi was thought to "mend the
heart." Reishi is a cardio tonic that supports normal blood
and oxygen flow to the heart.
Reishi mushroom is one of the most valued plants in the Chinese
pharmacopoeia. Reishi has been used for over thousands of years
as a miraculous remedy for a variety of diseases including traumatic
wounds, inflammation and various ulcers.
Reishi mushroom extracts have been shown to exert many beneficial
effects which seems to support reishi's historical use as an "adaptagen".
An adaptagen is defined as a substance which increases the resistance
to stress and improves the general tone of the body and mind.
Reishi mushroom has been used to treat:
· Sleep issues
· High altitude stress
· Cardiac and liver tonic
· Immune system health
The immune enhancing effects of reishi mushroom are thought to
be largely due to the polysaccharides. The polysaccharides are composed
of individual sugar molecules, chained together to form a sugar
layer.
Recently, researchers at Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai
Tumor Hospital, and Shanghai Chung San Hospital have independently
isolated from the reishi mushroom a few species of polysaccharides
which have subsequently been shown in clinical studies to support
normal cell division.
Other Chinese researchers have also found in animal studies that
reishi can increase immunoglobulins and enhance the phagocytotic
activities of macrophages.
In pharmacognosy, reishi mushroom is actually the powder inside
the spores of the fungus Lingzhi which are formed as Ling-zi matures.
The powder collected from these spores, the essence of Reishi, consists
of 18.5% high quality protein, with all 9 essential amino acids
included, plus a combination of natural vitamins and critical trace
elements essential for the proper functioning of the immune system,
the remainder being polysaccharides.
Rhodiola rosea
Rhodiola rosea, indigenous to the polar arctic regions of eastern
Siberia, has been shown to have positive effects on the nervous
system of healthy men and women to support normal moods. Widely
used in Russia, rhodiola rosea extract is known for its adaptogenic
activity, which increases the body's resistance to stress. Rhodiola
rosea leads to an increase in the amount of basic b-endorphin in
the blood plasma which inhibits the hormonal changes indicative
of stress.
Cardioprotective Benefits of Rhodiola Rosea - Eksp Klin Farmakologie
1994
In a Russian study, an extract of rhodiola rosea was examined for
its effects on the pattern of stress-induced cardiac damage which
was measured by enzyme accumulation in the heart. Rhodiola rosea
was found to help prevent stres- induced cardiac damage. Simultaneously,
the extract was determined to help prevent both stress-induced release
of proteins and higher enzyme levels, which can ultimately damage
heart tissue. The findings suggest antistressor and cardioprotective
benefits of Rhodiola rosea without harmful effects on the heart.
Rhodiola rosea is also known as: Golden Root
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Saw Palmetto
Saw palmetto is a small, palm-like plant native to
North America. Native Americans and early American settlers used
the berries to treat problems associated with the genitals, urinary
tract and reproductive system. Saw palmetto is called the "plant
catheter" due to its support on the neck of the bladder and
the prostate in men. Saw palmetto is widely used in Germany, Canada,
the United Kingdom and now the U.S. for nutritionally benefiting
the prostate and urinary tract. It has been marketed as an aphrodisiac
for both men and women.
The active constituents are volatile oil, steroids saponin, tannins,
and polysaccharides. Saw palmetto is a tonic, meaning that it strengthens
and tones body tissues.
For men, saw palmetto is used to support the health of prostate
gland. Saw palmetto extract works to prevent testosterone from converting
into dihydrotestosterone, the hormone thought to cause prostrate
cells to multiply, leading to an enlarged prostate. Saw palmetto
is chiefly used as a diuretic and to tone the bladder by supporting
normal urinary flow. Regular use of saw palmetto supports normal
urinary elimination, especially during the night.
Saw palmetto inhibits androgen and estrogen receptor activity and
may be beneficial in balancing the hormones for both men and women.
Because of it hormonal effects it can aid the thyroid in normalizing
activity of several glands and organs.
During the last century, according to folk medicine, women used
the herb to stimulate breast enlargement and lactation as well as
in support of ovarian uterine health. Native Americans used saw
palmetto for reduced or absent sex drive, impotence and frigidity.
Because of its potential hormonal effects, pregnant women should
not use it.
The berries have been recommended as a general tonic to increase
strength. Preliminary evidence exists to suggest saw palmetto may
also support the thyroid. Saw palmetto is a good expectorant for
use in supporting normal upper respiratory tract health.
Saw palmetto has also been used to stimulate appetite, improve
digestion, nourish the nervous system and increase the assimilation
of nutrients to the body.
Two excellent review articles have been published on the mechanism
of action of saw palmetto. The first, published in the journal "Phytomedicine"
(Nieferprum, et. al.), explores the 5-a-reductase inhibiting properties
of the free fatty acids in the saw palmetto berry. This activity
is not only critical to saw palmetto's efficacy but may also open
the door for other health benefits of saw palmetto.
The second study (Koch & Biber) examines the role that dihydrotestosterone,
5-a-reductase, estrogen, and sexual-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
play in the pathogenesis of BPH. This paper not only explores saw
palmetto extract's 5-a-reductase inhibiting and antiedematous actions
but also explores the efficacy of urtica (nettle) root in the BPH
treatment. A translation of this article appears in the Summer 1995
issue of the Quarterly Review of Natural Medicine.
It is clear that the next step in clinical research with saw palmetto
extract is a comparative study with finasteride (Proscar™).
In the meantime, healthcare practitioners utilizing saw palmetto
extract in their practices have excellent research documentation
to support their choice. - Donald Brown, N. D.
One of the more positive trends, the 1990’s will be remembered
for is the willingness of mainstream medicine to examine the scientific
legitimacy of natural therapies versus their synthetic counterparts.
With saw palmetto costing nearly 25-30% less than Proscar, and proving
to be more than twice as effective in half the time it takes Proscar
to reveal even modest results, saw palmetto offers new hopes to
millions of sufferers worldwide. With all the commotion being made
about proper prostate maintenance, saw palmetto will enjoy continued
success to more than 50% of 45-60 year old males.
Schizandra
The schizandra herb is highly prized by Chinese women as a sexual
enhancer and youth tonic. Schizandra is believed to preserve beauty
and to be a mild sedative. Schizandra is also reputed to be tonic
for men. Until recently coveted by the wealthy, and a favorite among
the Chinese emperors, schizandra is also considered an adaptogen
and, similar to ginseng, it is believed to increase stamina and
fight against fatigue.
Schizandra (Schizandra chinensis) of the family Schizandraceae
is a creeping vine with small red berries that is native to Northern
China. In ancient China, schizandra was used as a staple food for
hunting and gathering tribes. As a traditional medicinal herb, Schizandra,
called Wu-wei-tzu in China, has been used as an astringent for a
treatment for dry cough, asthma, night sweats, nocturnal seminal
emissions and chronic diarrhea. It is also used as a tonic for the
treatment of chronic fatigue.
During the early 1980's Chinese doctors began researching schizandra,
based on its potential for liver-protective effects and the nature
of its active constituents. Schizandra is now a recognized "adaptogen,"
capable of increasing the body's natural resistance.
In Asia, the schizandra adaptogenic property is said to stimulate
immune defenses; balance body function; normalize body systems;
help surgery recovery; protect against radiation; optimize energy
in times of stress; increase stamina; protect against motion sickness;
normalize blood sugar, blood pressure, and high cholesterol; shield
against infection; improve the health of the adrenals; energize
RNA-DNA molecules to rebuild cells and produce energy comparable
to that of a young athlete.
Studies conducted on schizandra effects have noted that it has
a stimulating effect in low doses, but this effect disappeared with
larger doses. The compounds thought responsible for the liver-protective
effects of schizandra are lignans composed of two phenylpropanoids.
More than 30 of these have been isolated in schizandra, some 22
of which were tested in 1984 by the Japanese scientist H. Hikino
for their ability to reduce the cytotoxic effects of carbon tetrachloride
and galactosamine on cultured rat liver cells.
Western herbalists commonly recommend schizandra for the lungs,
liver and kidneys, and to help with depression due to adrenergic
exhaustion. In Russia, schizandra is used to treat eye fatigue and
increase acuity.
CAUTION: Schizandra should not be used during
pregnancy except under medical supervision to promote uterine contractions
during labor. Schizandra should be avoided by persons with peptic
ulcers, epilepsy and high blood pressure.
Slippery Elm
Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) is native to specific portions of North
America. It grows in eastern Canada and the eastern and central
United States.
Slippery elm has been employed in traditional herbal medicine for
over 100 years. The dried inner portion of the slippery elm bark
has been used both by Native Americans and early settlers. Slippery
elm is a nutritious food that was made into a type of pudding for
those who had weak stomachs. In times of famine early American settlers
used slippery elm as a survival food; it is said George Washington
and his troops survived for several days on slippery elm gruel during
the bitter winter at Valley Forge.
Slippery elm has been shown to be soothing to irritated tissues
and has been used topically in poultices for its ability to enourage
healing in wounds.
Slippery elm supports the overall health of the adrenal glands,
gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory system. It helps the body
expel excess mucus.
Slippery elm also known as Ulmus rubra, Red Elm, Moose Elm,
and Indian Elm.
St. John's Wort
St. John’s wort is one of the most frequently recommended
substances in all of Europe to help people cope with daily life.
There, doctors write millions of prescriptions for St. John’s
wort every year, and as many bottles are sold as dietary supplements
in the US.
St. John's wort has been traditionally used for a change in mood,
anxiety and nervous unrest. Recently it was reported that St. John’s
wort was successful in helping women cope with their menstrual cycle.
St. John’s wort has been extensively researched and this research
has provided supporting evidence for the traditional uses of St
John's wort.
Originally, hypericin was thought to be the constituent of St.
John’s wort that provided the health benefits. However, hyperforin
has recently emerged as one of the major constituents responsible
for the mood enhancing effect. While there is much known about the
activity of St. John’s wort, the exact mechanism of action
of hypericum and hyperforin are not clearly defined.
One of the mechanisms attributed to St. John’s wort is to
inhibit the uptake of several neurotransmitters, including serotonin,
norepinephrine, dopamine, GABA, and L-glutamate. Hypericum appears
to be nonspecific in this inhibition whereas hyperforin has been
identified as the main component responsible for these effects.
Inhibiting the uptake of these neurotransmitters helps to maintain
healthy levels within the brain that promote a feeling of well-being.
This is confirmed in randomized, controlled trials that compare
the efficacy of St John's wort extracts to a placebo.
More and more therapists are recommending St. John's wort extract
to improve mood and reduce anxiety. The recommended dose is 200-300mg
of a standardized St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) extract,
taken 2-3 times daily. St. John's wort appears to be effective if
taken for at least 4-6 weeks. Do not use St. John’s wort if
you are severely depressed, taking MAO inhibitors, selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors or other medication for depression. If you are
taking any medications, discuss the use of St. John’s wort
with your health care practitioner. Do not use if you are pregnant
or lactating. Use a sunblock and avoid sunlamps or tanning beds
while taking St. John’s wort.
St. John's wort is a bushy perennial with numerous yellow flowers
speckled with tiny black dots that, when rubbed, release a red pigment
containing one of the active constituents, hypericum. It grows in
dry gravely soil and is native to many parts of the world, including
Europe and the United States.
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Valerian
According to herbal medicine, valerian acts as a sedative, antispasmodic
and diuretic. Called the "Valium of the nineteenth century",
valerian is recognized world-wide for its relaxing effect on the
body. In Europe it is often used to control anxiety, insomnia and
excitability. Valerian does not have unpleasant side effects (except
it doesn't taste very good) and it is not addictive. Valerian has
a synergistic effect with alcohol. For centuries, valerian has been
used to relieve muscle cramps related to stress, menstrual cramps,
and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Although valerian has been widely
studied, how this herb works is still not known.
Caution: In extremely high dosages, valerian may
cause paralysis and a weakening of the heartbeat. So do not exceed
recommended dosage.
Valerian was used frequently in the United States before modern
sleeping pills.
Vitex
Vitex has long been used for irregularities of the menstrual cycle
including premenstrual and menopausal complaints.
Researchers have observed that vitex acts on the pituitary gland
and helps to balance the ovarian hormones by increasing the level
of progesterone relative to estrogen. This in turn helps balance
the menstrual cycle and thus alleviate symptoms of both PMS and
menopause. Vitex is also reported to modulate high levels of prolactin,
which can aggravate PMS symptoms.
Vitex is often recommended to address some common symptoms of menopause
including hot flashes, depression and vaginal dryness.
Vitex is believed to act on the hypothalamus and pituitary, regulating
progesterone levels. Two recent surveys in Germany investigated
the effect of Vitex on over 1,500 women aged thirteen to sixty-two
with gynecological complaints. One-third experienced complete relief
from the symptoms while another 57% reported significant improvement.
Both physicians and patients observed a 90% reduction in symptoms,
including relieved fluid retention, bloating, breast tenderness,
headache, and fatigue.
The effectiveness of vitex to treat the imbalance may be felt after
10 days, but for full benefit it should be taken up to 6 months
or longer. With PMS, a positive result may be felt by the second
menstrual period, but permanent improvement may take up to a year,
or longer. A separate study found that acne associated with PMS
is also reduced using vitex.
Side effects from using vitex are rare, and there are no known
interactions with other drugs.
Botanical name: Vitex Agnus-Castus
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White Peony
Peony grows in gardens today as magnificently as it did in the
imperial garden of the Tang dynasty (619-906 AD), but is probably
less frequently relied upon to cure "falling evil" - epilepsy.
In traditional Chinese medicine white peony is used for general
gynecological health. White peony root is the one herb that all
by itself will help with menstrual stress.
The herb white peony helps nourish the blood, helping support normal
body temperature. White peony is said to be antispasmodic and a
tonic. One of the active constituents also supports muscle relaxation,
probably when it is recommended for women's monthly tension.
White Peony is also known as Bai shao yao and Paeonia lactiflora.
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